K-State AG Economist Urges Producers to Review Crop Insurance Options

February 15, 2023

By Pat Melgares, K-State Research and Extension news service

Manhattan, KS– A Kansas State University agricultural economist is encouraging farmers to know their options before considering a pair of crop insurance policies that would allow them to increase their coverage for row crops beyond what is allowed for individual policies.

Jenny Ifft said the March 15 deadline to sign up for crop insurance includes options for what is known as high coverage crop insurance. They include the Supplemental Coverage Option (SCO) and Enhanced Coverage Option (ECO).

“High coverage policies – such as SCO and ECO and Margin Protection that is purchased in the fall – represent a different approach to managing risk that requires a larger upfront investment,” Ifft said. “I suggest producers work closely with an agent to make sure you fully understand what you are getting into.”

Crop insurance is purchased by farmers and subsidized by the U.S. government to protect against the loss of their crops due to natural disasters, or loss of revenue due to declines in the price of the particular crop they’re insuring.

High coverage policies are county-level crop insurance options that provide additional coverage for a portion of the producer’s deductible.

According to Ifft, farmers should understand a couple important considerations before purchasing SCO and ECO coverage:

High coverage policies require a long-term perspective. Premiums and payouts are substantially higher than traditional crop insurance policies. “Although producers will likely come out ahead in the long run, a few years can go by without a payout,” she said.
Payouts are trigged by county yield declines, which may or may not be related to what happens on an individual farm. Ifft said this is a unique feature of the high coverage policies because “if they weren’t triggered by county yields, the policies would be even more expensive than they currently are.”

In addition, for the SCO option, farmers must purchase Price Loss Coverage, which provides assistance if crop prices are low.

“If producers are interested in SCO or ECO and haven’t used them before, now is the time to be talking to a crop insurance agent,” Ifft said.

Ifft has published an article available online outlining the SCO and ECO options, as well as several decisions tools available from the K-State Department of Agricultural Economics, including:

Kansas crop insurance maps (including actual and historic yields).
Kansas county yield correlation tool.
SCO and ECO payment calculator.
SCO and ECO webinar.
Risk Management Agency fact sheets.
Farmdoc Daily Crop Insurance Decision Tool (Spring, 2023).

“These decisions tools can help producers understand what is exactly at risk, including how much revenue you can expect for 2023 based on yields and current futures prices,” Ifft said. “That can help you determine the level of revenue you are comfortable paying to protect through crop insurance, given that the cost of protection increases for higher levels of revenue.”